Marianne Turdo-Bitker from the “France Digitale” association, active in the digital sector, expressed concerns regarding the legislation, stating that it “creates significant obligations, despite some amendments for startups and small and medium-sized enterprises.” She voiced apprehension about “additional regulatory barriers that would benefit American and Chinese competition.”
Regarding generative artificial intelligence, rules will be imposed on everyone to ensure the quality of data used in developing algorithms and to verify that they do not violate copyright laws, according to Agence France-Presse.
European rules will require developers to ensure that voices, images, and texts produced are clearly identified as products of artificial intelligence. Enhanced restrictions will apply to “high-risk” systems, particularly those related to critical infrastructure, education, human resources, and system preservation. These systems will be subject to a series of obligations, such as providing human control over the machine or implementing administrative risk management.
The legislation stipulates specific oversight of artificial intelligence systems that interact with humans, with a requirement to inform users of this interaction. Similar to current European rules on product safety, the text imposes controls primarily on companies. It includes a few prohibitions related to applications that violate European values, such as citizen rating, mass surveillance systems used in China, or remote biometric identification of individuals in public places.
Regarding this last point, countries have obtained exemptions for some law enforcement tasks, such as counterterrorism. The European Parliament still needs to give final approval to the final settlement in the spring, which can no longer be amended. Specific rules will apply six months after adoption, and two years for other provisions.
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